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Sacramental Test Act 1828
The Sacramental Test Act 1828 (9 Geo. IV, c. 17) was an Act passed by the British Parliament. It repealed the requirement that government officials take communion in the Church of England. The provision was no longer enforced but its presence in law gave dissenters and Catholic inferior legal status. Sir Robert Peel took the lead for the Tory government in the repeal and collaborated with Anglican Church leaders.〔Norman Gash, ''Mr Secretary Peel'' (1961) pp: 460-65; Richard A. Gaunt, "Peel's Other Repeal: The Test and Corporation Acts, 1828," ''Parliamentary History'' (2014) 33#1 pp 243-262. 〕
==Background==
The Corporation Act 1661 laid down that all mayors and officials in municipal corporations had to receive the sacrament of Holy Communion in accordance with the rites of the Church of England. They also had to take the oath of allegiance, the oath of supremacy and non-resistance and declare that the Solemn League and Covenant to be false.〔Robert Hole, ''Pulpits, politics and public order in England. 1760-1832'' (Cambridge University Press, 1989), pp. 238-239.〕 The Test Act 1673 made all holders of civil and military offices and places of trust under the Crown to take the oaths of allegiance and supremacy and receive the Anglican sacrament.〔Hole, p. 239.〕 However in practice the full force of the law was not exacted against Protestant Dissenters: an annual Indemnity Act was frequently passed that ensured that Dissenters were allowed to hold public office.
On 17 February 1827 the Prime Minister Lord Liverpool suffered a stroke. George Canning succeeded him in April. The formation of Canning's ministry revolved around Catholic emancipation, with the anti-Catholics Lord Eldon, the Duke of Wellington, Sir Robert Peel, Lord Bathurst and Lord Westmoreland refusing to serve. Canning persuaded the Whigs Henry Brougham and George Tierney into forming a coalition on the condition that the Whig ministers did not attempt to repeal the Test and Corporation Acts or promote parliamentary reform. (Canning himself would not support Repeal until Catholic emancipation had been achieved.) Brougham wrote to Thomas Creevey on 21 April on the reason for joining Canning: "My principle is – ''anything'' to lock the door for ever on Eldon and Co."〔J. C. D. Clark, ''English Society, 1688-1832. Ideology, social structure and political practice during the ancien regime'' (Cambridge University Press, 1985), p. 392.〕 On 7 June Lord John Russell withdrew his motion for Repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts but pledged to introduce it again in the next session of Parliament. On 8 August Canning died and the coalition fell apart, with the Duke of Wellington forming a ministry.〔Clark, p. 293.〕
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